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Docker 安装Nginx(完整实例)

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常规安装

参考官网：https://nginx.org/en/linux_packages.html#Ubuntu

安装先决条件

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sudo apt install curl gnupg2 ca-certificates lsb-release ubuntu-keyring

导入官方 nginx 签名密钥，以便 apt 可以验证软件包的真实性。

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curl https://nginx.org/keys/nginx_signing.key | gpg --dearmor \
    | sudo tee /usr/share/keyrings/nginx-archive-keyring.gpg >/dev/null

验证下载的文件是否包含正确的密钥:

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gpg --dry-run --quiet --import --import-options import-show /usr/share/keyrings/nginx-archive-keyring.gpg

以稳定的 nginx 包设置 apt 存储库，请运行以下命令：

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echo "deb [signed-by=/usr/share/keyrings/nginx-archive-keyring.gpg] \
http://nginx.org/packages/ubuntu `lsb_release -cs` nginx" \
    | sudo tee /etc/apt/sources.list.d/nginx.list

使用主线 nginx 包，请运行以下命令：

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echo "deb [signed-by=/usr/share/keyrings/nginx-archive-keyring.gpg] \
http://nginx.org/packages/mainline/ubuntu `lsb_release -cs` nginx" \
    | sudo tee /etc/apt/sources.list.d/nginx.list

设置存储库固定，使我们的软件包优于发行版提供的软件包

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echo -e "Package: *\nPin: origin nginx.org\nPin: release o=nginx\nPin-Priority: 900\n" \
    | sudo tee /etc/apt/preferences.d/99nginx

安装：

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sudo apt update
sudo apt install nginx

# 移除
sudo apt autoremove --purge nginx

配置站点

在线配置参考：https://www.digitalocean.com/community/tools/nginx?domains.0.https.certType=custom&global.app.lang=zhCN

迁移配置

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cp -r /etc/nginx /lims/nginx
cd /lims/nginx
mkdir nginxconfig.io www ssl
chmod 666 nginxconfig.io www ssl

生成 Diffie-Hellman keys：

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# 在服务器上运行此命令生成Diffie-Hellman keys
openssl dhparam -out dhparam.pem 2048

Docker Compose 安装

新建 docker-compose.yml 文件：

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version: "3.1"

services:
  nginx:
    image: nginx:1.22.0
    container_name: nginx
    restart: always
    volumes:
      - /lims/nginx/www:/var/www
      - /lims/nginx/logs:/var/log/nginx
      - /lims/nginx:/etc/nginx
    ports:
      - 8080:80
      - 8081:443
    environment:
      - NGINX_PORT=80
      - TZ=Asia/Shanghai
    privileged: true

目录结构如下：

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.
├── conf.d
│   └── default.conf
├── dhparam.pem
├── docker-compose.yml
├── fastcgi_params
├── logs
│   ├── access.log
│   └── error.log
├── mime.types
├── modules -> /usr/lib/nginx/modules
├── modules-enabled
├── nginx.conf
├── nginxconfig.io
│   ├── general.conf
│   ├── proxy.conf
│   └── security.conf
├── scgi_params
├── ssl
│   ├── laas.mytest.com.crt
│   └── laas.mytest.com.key
├── uwsgi_params
└── www

权限配置

授权 www 文件夹下执行权限：

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chmod a+rwx www/*
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# 启动
docker compose up -d

# 移除
docker-compose down -v

docker ps | grep nginx

Nginx 配置参考

Nginx1.22.0.7z

nginx.conf 配置：

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# Generated by nginxconfig.io
# https://www.digitalocean.com/community/tools/nginx?domains.0.https.hstsPreload=true&domains.0.https.certType=custom&domains.0.php.php=false&domains.0.reverseProxy.reverseProxy=true&domains.0.reverseProxy.path=%2Fapi&domains.0.routing.index=index.html&domains.0.routing.fallbackHtml=true&domains.0.logging.accessLog=true&domains.0.logging.errorLog=true&global.logging.logNotFound=true&global.app.lang=zhCN

user                 nginx;
pid                  /var/run/nginx.pid;
worker_processes     auto;
worker_rlimit_nofile 65535;

# Load modules
include              /etc/nginx/modules-enabled/*.conf;

events {
    multi_accept       on;
    worker_connections 65535;
}

http {
    charset                utf-8;
    sendfile               on;
    tcp_nopush             on;
    tcp_nodelay            on;
    server_tokens          off;
    types_hash_max_size    2048;
    types_hash_bucket_size 64;
    client_max_body_size   16M;

    # MIME
    include                mime.types;
    default_type           application/octet-stream;

    # Logging
    access_log             /var/log/nginx/access.log;
    error_log              /var/log/nginx/error.log warn;

    # SSL
    ssl_session_timeout    1d;
    ssl_session_cache      shared:SSL:10m;
    ssl_session_tickets    off;

    # Diffie-Hellman parameter for DHE ciphersuites
    ssl_dhparam            /etc/nginx/dhparam.pem;

    # Mozilla Intermediate configuration
    ssl_protocols          TLSv1.2 TLSv1.3;
    ssl_ciphers            ECDHE-ECDSA-AES128-GCM-SHA256:ECDHE-RSA-AES128-GCM-SHA256:ECDHE-ECDSA-AES256-GCM-SHA384:ECDHE-RSA-AES256-GCM-SHA384:ECDHE-ECDSA-CHACHA20-POLY1305:ECDHE-RSA-CHACHA20-POLY1305:DHE-RSA-AES128-GCM-SHA256:DHE-RSA-AES256-GCM-SHA384;

    # OCSP Stapling （证书在线查询，需要关闭）
    # ssl_stapling           on;
    # ssl_stapling_verify    on;
    resolver               1.1.1.1 1.0.0.1 8.8.8.8 8.8.4.4 208.67.222.222 208.67.220.220 valid=60s;
    resolver_timeout       2s;

    # Connection header for WebSocket reverse proxy
    map $http_upgrade $connection_upgrade {
        default upgrade;
        ""      close;
    }

    map $remote_addr $proxy_forwarded_elem {

        # IPv4 addresses can be sent as-is
        ~^[0-9.]+$        "for=$remote_addr";

        # IPv6 addresses need to be bracketed and quoted
        ~^[0-9A-Fa-f:.]+$ "for=\"[$remote_addr]\"";

        # Unix domain socket names cannot be represented in RFC 7239 syntax
        default           "for=unknown";
    }

    map $http_forwarded $proxy_add_forwarded {

        # If the incoming Forwarded header is syntactically valid, append to it
        "~^(,[ \\t]*)*([!#$%&'*+.^_`|~0-9A-Za-z-]+=([!#$%&'*+.^_`|~0-9A-Za-z-]+|\"([\\t \\x21\\x23-\\x5B\\x5D-\\x7E\\x80-\\xFF]|\\\\[\\t \\x21-\\x7E\\x80-\\xFF])*\"))?(;([!#$%&'*+.^_`|~0-9A-Za-z-]+=([!#$%&'*+.^_`|~0-9A-Za-z-]+|\"([\\t \\x21\\x23-\\x5B\\x5D-\\x7E\\x80-\\xFF]|\\\\[\\t \\x21-\\x7E\\x80-\\xFF])*\"))?)*([ \\t]*,([ \\t]*([!#$%&'*+.^_`|~0-9A-Za-z-]+=([!#$%&'*+.^_`|~0-9A-Za-z-]+|\"([\\t \\x21\\x23-\\x5B\\x5D-\\x7E\\x80-\\xFF]|\\\\[\\t \\x21-\\x7E\\x80-\\xFF])*\"))?(;([!#$%&'*+.^_`|~0-9A-Za-z-]+=([!#$%&'*+.^_`|~0-9A-Za-z-]+|\"([\\t \\x21\\x23-\\x5B\\x5D-\\x7E\\x80-\\xFF]|\\\\[\\t \\x21-\\x7E\\x80-\\xFF])*\"))?)*)?)*$" "$http_forwarded, $proxy_forwarded_elem";

        # Otherwise, replace it
        default "$proxy_forwarded_elem";
    }

    # Load configs
    include /etc/nginx/conf.d/*.conf;
}

nginxconfig.io/general.conf 配置：

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# favicon.ico
location = /favicon.ico {
    log_not_found off;
    access_log    off;
}

# robots.txt
location = /robots.txt {
    log_not_found off;
    access_log    off;
}

# assets, media
# 如果代理 minio等文件服务器，需要删除通用规则，添加到具体 server 配置中； 
location ~* \.(?:css(\.map)?|js(\.map)?|jpe?g|png|gif|ico|cur|heic|webp|tiff?|mp3|m4a|aac|ogg|midi?|wav|mp4|mov|webm|mpe?g|avi|ogv|flv|wmv)$ {
    expires    7d;
    access_log off;
}

# svg, fonts
location ~* \.(?:svgz?|ttf|ttc|otf|eot|woff2?)$ {
    add_header Access-Control-Allow-Origin "*";
    expires    7d;
    access_log off;
}

# gzip
gzip            on;
gzip_vary       on;
gzip_proxied    any;
gzip_comp_level 6;
gzip_types      text/plain text/css text/xml application/json application/javascript application/rss+xml application/atom+xml image/svg+xml;

nginxconfig.io/proxy.conf 配置：

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proxy_http_version                 1.1;
proxy_cache_bypass                 $http_upgrade;

# Proxy headers
proxy_set_header Upgrade           $http_upgrade;
proxy_set_header Connection        $connection_upgrade;
proxy_set_header Host              $host;
proxy_set_header X-Real-IP         $remote_addr;
proxy_set_header Forwarded         $proxy_add_forwarded;
proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For   $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;
proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-Proto $scheme;
proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-Host  $host;
proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-Port  $server_port;
proxy_set_header REMOTE-HOST       $remote_addr;

proxy_hide_header X-Powered-By;

# Proxy timeouts
proxy_connect_timeout              60s;
proxy_send_timeout                 60s;
proxy_read_timeout                 60s;

nginxconfig.io/security.conf 配置：

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# security headers
add_header X-XSS-Protection          "1; mode=block" always;
add_header X-Content-Type-Options    "nosniff" always;
add_header Referrer-Policy           "no-referrer-when-downgrade" always;
add_header Content-Security-Policy   "default-src 'self' http: https: ws: wss: data: blob: 'unsafe-inline'; frame-ancestors 'self';" always;
add_header Permissions-Policy        "interest-cohort=()" always;
add_header Strict-Transport-Security "max-age=31536000; includeSubDomains; preload" always;
add_header X-Frame-Options           "SAMEORIGIN" always;
add_header X-Download-Options        "noopen" always;
add_header X-Permitted-Cross-Domain-Policies "none" always;

# . files
location ~ /\.(?!well-known) {
    deny all;
}

conf.d/laas.mytest.com.conf 配置：

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server {
    listen              443 ssl http2;
    listen              [::]:443 ssl http2;
    server_name         laas.mytest.com;
    root                /var/www/laas.mytest.com/public;

    # SSL
    ssl_certificate     /etc/nginx/ssl/laas.mytest.com.crt;
    ssl_certificate_key /etc/nginx/ssl/laas.mytest.com.key;

    # security
    include             /etc/nginx/nginxconfig.io/security.conf;

    # logging
    access_log          /var/log/nginx/laas.mytest.com.access.log;
    error_log           /var/log/nginx/laas.mytest.com.error.log warn;

    # index.html fallback
    location / {
        try_files $uri $uri/ @router;
        index  index.html index.htm;
        error_page 405 =200 http://$host$request_uri;
    }

    # reverse proxy
    location /api/ {
        proxy_pass   https://laas.mytest.com:8082;   #转发请求的地址
        rewrite      ^/api/(.*)$ /$1 break;
        include      /etc/nginx/nginxconfig.io/proxy.conf;
    }

    location @router {
        rewrite ^.*$ /index.html last;
    }
    error_page   500 502 503 504  /50x.html;
    location = /50x.html {
        root   html;
    }

    # additional config
    include /etc/nginx/nginxconfig.io/general.conf;
}

# HTTP redirect
server {
    listen      80;
    listen      [::]:80;
    server_name laas.mytest.com;
    return      301 https://laas.mytest.com$request_uri;
}